TB Board

The Tungabhadra Board (TB Board) is a key inter-state organization responsible for managing the Tungabhadra dam and its associated infrastructure. Established under the Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014, the board plays a crucial role in the distribution of water and power among the beneficiary states—Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and Telangana. This article explores the board’s history, organizational structure, responsibilities, and challenges.

Historical Background

The Tungabhadra Project was conceived in the early 20th century as part of Sir M. Visvesvaraya’s vision for irrigation and hydroelectric development in southern India. The project was approved under the 1950 agreement between Mysore State (now Karnataka) and the then Madras Presidency (now Andhra Pradesh and Telangana). The Tungabhadra Dam was completed in 1953, leading to the creation of the Tungabhadra Board to oversee the equitable sharing of water resources.

Organizational Structure

The Tungabhadra Board operates under the Ministry of Jal Shakti, Government of India, and comprises representatives from the beneficiary states. The key members of the board include:

  • Chairperson – Appointed by the Central Government.

  • Members from Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and Telangana – Senior officials responsible for water resources.

  • Technical and Administrative Staff – Engineers, hydrologists, and operational managers.

The board’s headquarters is located in Hospet, Karnataka.

Functions and Responsibilities

The Tungabhadra Board has a wide range of responsibilities, including:

A. Water Regulation and Distribution

  • Ensuring the equitable allocation of Tungabhadra River water among Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and Telangana.

  • Monitoring water release schedules for irrigation, drinking water, and industrial use.

B. Hydroelectric Power Management

  • Managing power generation from the Tungabhadra Hydroelectric Project.

  • Distributing power among the beneficiary states as per the agreement.

C. Dam Operation and Maintenance

  • Overseeing Tungabhadra Dam operations, ensuring safety and efficiency.

  • Conducting regular inspections and maintenance to prevent structural failures.

D. Flood Control and Water Conservation

  • Implementing measures to control floods during monsoons.

  • Promoting sustainable water conservation strategies.

Significance of the Tungabhadra Board

The board plays a critical role in the socio-economic development of the region by:

  • Supporting agriculture through irrigation, benefiting lakhs of farmers.

  • Ensuring water security for domestic and industrial use.

  • Facilitating hydropower production, contributing to the energy needs of the states.

Challenges Faced by the Tungabhadra Board

Despite its importance, the board faces several challenges:

  • Inter-State Water Disputes: Conflicts arise over water allocation, especially during droughts.

  • Siltation in the Reservoir: Reduces water storage capacity, affecting irrigation and power generation.

  • Aging Infrastructure: Requires continuous maintenance and modernization.

  • Climate Change Impact: Irregular rainfall patterns affect water availability.